How is the operating factor determined when designing a ZIMM bevel gearbox of the ZK Series?

The operating factor fb is determined via the application case, operating time and starts per hour. Three application cases are distinguished. The operating factor is determined for 8 h/d, 16 h/d or 24 h/d operating time. The switching frequency per hour is specified via the starts per hour. Which application cases are distinguished when designing a ZIMM bevel gearbox of the ZK Series? Application case Characteristic value Operating characteristic Examples Application case I ka ≤ 0,25 Smooth, shock-free operation; low accelerations Filling machines, elevators, light-duty, screw conveyors, light-duty, fans, lifting platforms, mixers, light-duty, roller grilles, conveyor belts, light-duty, packaging machines, workpiece drives, centrifuges Application case II ka ≤ 3,0 Irregular, shock-loaded operation; medium accelerations Rotary table drives, elevators, heavy-duty, reels, kneading machines, mixers, heavy-duty, mills, agitators, light-duty, gate drives, conveyor belts, heavy-duty, packaging machines, winches Application case III ka ≤ 10,0 Highly irregular operation, heavy shocks, high accelerations, alternating load Crushers, calenders, press brakes, piston pumps, presses, agitators, heavy-duty, vibrators, shears, punching machines, rolling mills, cement mills How is the operating factor for a ZIMM bevel gearbox of the ZK Series derived from application case, operating time and starts per hour? The operating factor f b is determined via application case, operating time and switching frequency. Select the appropriate application case. Select the diagram according to the duty factor. Enter the switching frequency per hour on the x-axis. Read off the operating factor f b . For determining the operating factor, the operating time is set at 8 h/d, 16 h/d or 24 h/d.

Determining the operating factor for ZIMM gearboxes

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Author:

Jonathan Mildner | Head of Sales Technology

Last modified:

26.05.2026

The operating factor fb is determined via the application case, operating time and starts per hour. Three application cases are distinguished. The operating factor is determined for 8 h/d, 16 h/d or 24 h/d operating time. The switching frequency per hour is specified via the starts per hour.

Which application cases are distinguished when designing a ZIMM bevel gearbox of the ZK Series?

Application case	Characteristic value	Operating characteristic	Examples
Application case I	ka ≤ 0,25	Smooth, shock-free operation; low accelerations	Filling machines, elevators, light-duty, screw conveyors, light-duty, fans, lifting platforms, mixers, light-duty, roller grilles, conveyor belts, light-duty, packaging machines, workpiece drives, centrifuges
Application case II	ka ≤ 3,0	Irregular, shock-loaded operation; medium accelerations	Rotary table drives, elevators, heavy-duty, reels, kneading machines, mixers, heavy-duty, mills, agitators, light-duty, gate drives, conveyor belts, heavy-duty, packaging machines, winches
Application case III	ka ≤ 10,0	Highly irregular operation, heavy shocks, high accelerations, alternating load	Crushers, calenders, press brakes, piston pumps, presses, agitators, heavy-duty, vibrators, shears, punching machines, rolling mills, cement mills

How is the operating factor for a ZIMM bevel gearbox of the ZK Series derived from application case, operating time and starts per hour?

The operating factor f_b is determined via application case, operating time and switching frequency.

Select the appropriate application case.
Select the diagram according to the duty factor.
Enter the switching frequency per hour on the x-axis.
Read off the operating factor f_b.

For determining the operating factor, the operating time is set at 8 h/d, 16 h/d or 24 h/d.

Jonathan Mildner | Head of Sales Technology

Jonathan Mildner heads the Sales Technology department at ZIMM. He is responsible for the design and safe integration of screw jacks, electromechanical actuators, and drive technology – including accessories from the ZIMM modular system, clearly defined interfaces, the safety concept, and complete documentation; he provides technical support for manufacturing to drawing (special parts/adaptations).

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